Part 1: Architect’s Guide 1 - 9 3 STEEL – MATERIAL AND PRODUCTS 3.1 Steel the material Steel offers exceptional qualities in terms of mechanical resistance. Of the most commonly used materials in construction, it demonstrates the greatest resistance for the lightest section, both in tension and compression. This opens the door for architects to a wide choice of technical and aesthetic solutions. There are many types of steel. These are classified, according to their composition. There are three main categories of steel: Non-alloy steel grades Stainless steel grades Other alloy steel grades. Non-alloy steel grades are commonly used in the construction sector. The main steel grades are S235, S275 and S355 for structural members. However the higher strength steel S460 grade is used more and more in construction. Steel products must demonstrate specific characteristics according to their grade and form and as defined by National or European standards. Full information can be found on steel producers’ web sites: www.arcelormittal.com/sections www.corusconstruction.com www.peiner-traeger.de 3.2 Steel products These can be classified into two main categories, as shown in Figure 3.1. I and H sections Channels, angles Bars for concrete Sheet piles Long products (hot rolled profiles) Coils (1,5 mm < t < 15 mm) Plates (5 mm < t < 400 mm) Flat products Hollow sections Cold formed long products Decking, cladding, roofing Figure 3.1 Main categories of steel products used in construction
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