Part 1: Architect’s Guide 1 - 33 The features of these three options are: A completely external façade: the structure is visible inside - The façade is a series of panels installed between floors - If the column is hidden, the most cost efficient section should be used - If the column is visible, the aesthetic appearance will need to be considered. - In this case, fire protection requirements vary according to the building use and there are numerous solutions to satisfy these (see 6.2.4). A double façade thickness: - Generally speaking, and since the column is not visible, the most economic solution will be determined by the choice of section. - If sizing leads to a discontinuity in the façade facing, the columns can be divided into two in order to reduce obstruction. - Internal and external facings which have been adapted will ensure structural fire protection. Internal façade: the structure is visible outside the building - The façade beam connection must be examined carefully, especially in terms of thermal, structural and fire protection needs. Special arrangements can be put in place. 5.1.3 The construction principle In most construction elements for lightweight façades, the edge of the floor is used to determine the limit. The vertical plane it defines is for fixing elements, for reducing thermal bridging and for fire protection between floor levels. On the outside, are the support elements for the external facing (secondary frames, plates), which are installed vertically or sometimes horizontally. A primary layer of thermal insulation is then applied. The external facing is placed on this frame using a fixing device (transverse frame, bracing, preframe, etc.). The external facing can be fabricated panels with insulation (Figure 5.4). On the inside, a double-skinned partition, comprising between one and three layers of plasterboard fixed to a light steel frame, is commonly used. Additional insulation is applied between the frame posts (Figure 5.5).
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