Part 1: Architect’s Guide 1 - 63 Table 7.1 Renewable energy sources Type Comment Biomass heating 1 Boiler 2 Burner 3 Pump 4 Ash removal 5 Biomass fuel delivery 6 Cold water 7 Hot water 8 Flue gas 5 2 4 6 7 1 8 3 The system requires a basic plant room for the boiler and storage for the fuel. This can be fully integrated in the building, creating a steel storage with a steel frame. Combined Heat and Power (CHP) 1 Boiler 2 Engine 3 Pump 4 Generator 5 Main gas supply 6 Cold water 7 Hot water 8 Flue gas 9 Electricity 9 2 5 4 6 7 1 8 3 The system only requires a typical plant room, entirely compatible with a steel frame construction for mixed-use developments and sites with high hot-water loads. It is generally suitable for swimming pools, hotels and hospitals, Ground Source Heat Pumps (GSHPs) 1 Compressor 2 Expansion valve 3 Pump 4 Heat exchanger 5 Electricity in (AC 230V) 6 Hot water supply 7 Cold water return 8 Return to heat source 9 Supply from heat source 5 8 7 6 3 3 4 4 1 2 GSHP’s can be applied anywhere given that there is enough space for plant room and ground loops or wells. Often, areas used for car parks or gardens can be used. All steel buildings are suitable for this technology. Solar Hot Water Collectors 1 Absorber plate 2 Pump 3 Cold water supply 4 Hot water return 3 1 4 2 Solar Photovoltaics 1 Photovoltaic module 2 DC electricity generation 3 Inverter 4 Electricity 3 1 4 2 Solar equipment can be installed on a flat roof without impact on the steel structure using a cantilever, a steel structure to support the panels (however, system weight, wind and damp-proof cloth resistance have to be considered). On a pitched roof, the system can be implemented by using subsidiary steel work, clips or directly integrated in the roofing such as PV tiles or on a façade, with simple rails to allow the fastening. Wind Turbines 1 Wind energy 2 Turbine blades 3 Generator 4 Electricity 3 1 2 4 A small scale wind turbine requires little infrastructure for its inclusion; only an allowance for cable ducts from hard standing areas to a suitable plant room. If directly mounted on steel frame buildings, it is essential to consider the additional loads, vibration and noise. Small wind turbines can be suitable for steel buildings, such as commercial buildings, aircraft hangars, or industrial buildings as they are best located in a clear wind stream, away from obstructions and surface roughness.
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